Like many artificial satellites, the station can be seen from Earth with the naked eye.ī. The ISS is a modular structure whose first component was launched in 1998, other modular space station projects include Mir, OPSEK, Tiangong 3 and the Chinese space station. It follows the Salyut, Almaz, Skylab and Mir stations as the ninth space station to be inhabited. The International Space Station (ISS) is a habitable artificial satellite in low Earth orbit. One can find many mechanical … in the territory of our plant.ġ) What space vehicles in the Earth orbit do you know?Ī. … Earth satellites circle the low orbit of our planet.Ħ. The war ended after signing the peace … by both countries.Ĥ. We can’t finance this project because of the budget ….ģ. The vehicle … into space is to be postponed.Ģ. Treaty facilities inhabit launch constraints artificialġ. Fill in the gaps with the words in the list: Then, look at your notes and talk about the Large Hadron Collider. Read the text again and take notes under these headings. …collaboration with smb 5 … a ten year period from 1998 to 2008 6. … fault.įill in the prepositions, then make sentences using the completed phrases.Ī. Whose attention was drawn to the LHC outside the scientific community?įill in the words from the list, then make sentences using the completed phrases.įundamental superconducting proton scientific current particle electricalġ. When did the first particle collisions take place?ħ. Was the first circulation of the LHC a success? Why?ĥ. What is the highest power the LHC is capable of?Ĥ. What was the basic aim of constructing the LHC?ģ.
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The LHC has also sparked the imaginations of authors of works of fiction, such as novels, TV series, and video games, although descriptions of what it is, how it works, and projected outcomes of the experiments are often only vaguely accurate, occasionally causing concern among the general public.ġ. The Large Hadron Collider gained a considerable amount of attention from outside the scientific community and its progress is followed by most popular science media.
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It will then be shut down for a year for upgrades to allow full energy operation (7 TeV per beam), with reopening planned for 2014. The LHC will continue to operate at 3.5 TeV per beam, half of its planned capability, until the end of 2012. On 30 March 2010, the first collisions took place between two 3.5 TeV beams, setting the current world record for the highest-energy man-made particle collisions, and the LHC began its planned research program. On 20 November 2009 they were successfully circulated again, with the first recorded proton–proton collisions occurring 3 days later. The following helium gas explosion damaged over 50 superconducting magnets and their mountings, and contaminated the vacuum pipe. On 10 September 2008, the proton beams were successfully circulated in the main ring of the LHC for the first time, but 9 days later operations were halted due to a magnet quench incident resulting from an electrical fault. It was built in collaboration with over 10,000 scientists and engineers from over 100 countries, as well as hundreds of universities and laboratories. Its synchrotron is designed to collide opposing particle beams of either protons at up to 7 teraelectronvolts per nucleon, or lead nuclei at an energy of 574 TeV per nucleus. The LHC lies in a tunnel 27 kilometres in circumference, as deep as 175 metres beneath the Franco-Swiss border near Geneva, Switzerland. It contains six detectors each designed for specific kinds of exploration. The LHC is expected to address some of the most fundamental questions of physics, advancing the understanding of the deepest laws of nature. It was built by the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) over a ten year period from 1998 to 2008, with the aim of allowing physicists to test the predictions of different theories of particle physics and high-energy physics, and particularly for the existence of the hypothesized Higgs boson and of the large family of new particles predicted by supersymmetry. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the world's largest and highest-energy particle accelerator. Read the text and say what the words in bold mean: violent impact of a moving body with another or with a fixed object ġ) What do you know of the Large Hadron Collider?ģ) How can the mass popularity of the highly scientific project be explained?ģ.
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